Start with a company
Explore its sourced history, from funding rounds to IPO milestones.
PRIVATE & PRE-IPO RESEARCH
See the story before the stock.
Explore company milestones. Compare supported periods. Trace every number.
76 companies336 observations & milestones199 calculation pathsSelected historical coverage
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76 of 76 companies · Start with a company below
Sourced prices → your price
Consumer technology
Apple
Apple’s 1978 preferred financing and 1979 private common-stock sale can be traced into its 1980 IPO. Early prices and preferred shares require different conversion factors.
4 sourced milestonesIPO
3 documented share scenariosExplore →
Sourced prices → your price
E-commerce & cloud
Amazon
Amazon’s early common-stock investments and Series A preferred financing preceded its 1997 IPO. Preferred shares converted six-for-one, before later public stock splits.
6 sourced milestonesIPO
3 documented share scenariosExplore →
Sourced prices → your price
Social platforms & AI
Meta (Facebook)
Facebook’s prospectus preserves five preferred-stock series and later private common financing before its $38 IPO. Filing series names are retained rather than relabeling them from press accounts.
5 sourced milestonesIPO
7 documented share scenariosExplore →
Sourced prices → your price
Enterprise software
Salesforce
Salesforce’s IPO filing documents Series A through D share prices, share counts and proceeds, making it a strong private-to-public comparison.
6 sourced milestonesIPO
5 documented share scenariosExplore →
Sourced prices → your price
Streaming & entertainment
Netflix
Netflix’s preferred funding history includes a pre-IPO reverse split and anti-dilution adjustments. Different series therefore convert into different numbers of IPO shares.
7 sourced milestonesIPO
7 documented share scenariosExplore →
Sourced prices → your price
Data analytics & AI
Palantir
Palantir’s pre-listing charter documents Series A through K issue prices and conversion terms. Its 2020 public debut was a direct listing, so there is no conventional IPO offer price.
13 sourced milestonesDirect listing
12 documented share scenariosExplore →
Sourced prices → your price
Search & AI
Alphabet (Google)
Google’s 1999 venture raise, preferred-stock terms and 2004 auction IPO are documented. Modern comparisons value GOOGL and the GOOG shares distributed in 2014 separately.
6 sourced milestonesIPO
3 documented share scenariosExplore →
Sourced prices → your price
Enterprise software
Microsoft
Microsoft’s venture-backed ownership and preferred conversion are documented in its 1986 prospectus. The calculator starts at its $21 IPO because a reliable cash subscription price is not established here.
4 sourced milestonesIPO
1 documented share scenariosExplore →
IPO → your price
AI computing
NVIDIA
Follow an IPO share through six stock splits
1 sourced observation1999 IPO · splits through June 2024
Split-adjusted IPO calculatorExplore →
IPO share model
Electric vehicles & autonomy
Tesla
Conversion terms change the result
3 sourced observations2007 / 2009 preferred rounds → 2010 IPO
2 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterValuation illustration
Artificial intelligence
OpenAI
Capitalization and funding terms
3 sourced observationsOctober 2024–March 2026 announcements
3 valuation comparisonsExplore →
Optional prices you enterValuation illustration
Artificial intelligence
Anthropic
Funding round valuations
4 sourced observationsMarch 2025–May 2026 announcements
6 valuation comparisonsExplore →
Optional prices you enterHistory only
Aviation services
AAR
AAR’s business grew from an aviation-parts enterprise into a listed company. The issuer documents its initial public offering, but not a conventional venture-funding ladder.
3 sourced milestonesHistorical IPO
Sourced prices → your price
Creative software
Adobe
Adobe’s official history supplies its 1986 IPO date and a rounded split-adjusted IPO price. The calculator presents that reference as approximate rather than inventing a precise private funding price.
3 sourced milestonesIPO
1 documented share scenariosExplore →
IPO share model
Payments
Affirm
How entry stage changes the IPO outcome
8 sourced observationsPrivate financing → 2021 IPO
7 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Travel · historical IPO case
Airbnb
Trace preferred shares to an IPO offer-price mark.
6 sourced observations2019 snapshot–2021 public closes
5 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Consumer footwear
Allbirds
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
3 sourced observations2021–2021 historical filing evidence
2 IPO share modelsExplore →
Entered prices · historical dates onlySourced prices → your price
Semiconductors
AMD
AMD was founded in 1969 and first offered public shares in 1972. Its company FAQ documents the original offer and the complete cumulative split factor.
3 sourced milestonesIPO
1 documented share scenariosExplore →
Sourced prices → your price
Aviation
Archer Aviation
Archer’s private financing included founder notes, a seed round and Series A before its Atlas Crest combination. The preferred-share prices and final merger exchange ratio are documented.
6 sourced milestonesSPAC merger
2 documented share scenariosExplore →
IPO share model
Payments software
BILL
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
3 sourced observations2019–2019 historical filing evidence
2 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterSourced prices → your price
Semiconductors & infrastructure software
Broadcom (Avago)
Today’s AVGO investment path begins with Avago’s 2009 IPO. It must not be spliced onto legacy Broadcom Corporation’s different 1998 IPO history.
3 sourced milestonesIPO
1 documented share scenariosExplore →
IPO share model
Enterprise AI
C3.ai
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
3 sourced observations2020–2020 historical filing evidence
2 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterSourced prices → your price
AI & semiconductors
Cerebras Systems
Cerebras has a documented preferred-share financing history from Series A through H, followed by its May 2026 IPO. The original issue prices and offering price support a detailed pre-IPO worksheet.
10 sourced milestonesUnderwritten IPO
9 documented share scenariosExplore →
Sourced prices → your price
Digital infrastructure
Cipher Digital
Cipher began as a Bitfury-backed mining business and entered the public market through Good Works Acquisition Corp. Its closing financing is documented; a conventional Series A–F ladder is not.
7 sourced milestonesSPAC merger
2 documented share scenariosExplore →
IPO share model
Data infrastructure
Confluent
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
3 sourced observations2021–2021 historical filing evidence
2 IPO share modelsExplore →
Entered prices · historical dates onlyEarly-stage assumptions
AI infrastructure · Chip cooling
Corintis
Could chip cooling produce the next unicorn?
6 sourced observationsFunding history + user-entered scenarios
Valuation, dilution & share scenariosExplore →
Optional prices you enterSourced prices → your price
Membership retail
Costco
Costco’s 1985 IPO and later combination with Price Club follow different share histories. This profile tracks the original Costco shares, not Price Club’s separate investment path.
4 sourced milestonesIPO
1 documented share scenariosExplore →
IPO share model
Online education
Coursera
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
3 sourced observations2020–2021 historical filing evidence
2 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Cybersecurity
CrowdStrike
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
3 sourced observations2019–2019 historical filing evidence
2 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterValuation illustration
Data & artificial intelligence
Databricks
Reported company values, not share returns
3 sourced observationsSeptember 2023–July 2026 announcements
3 valuation comparisonsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Cloud monitoring
Datadog
How entry stage changes the IPO outcome
6 sourced observationsPrivate financing → 2019 IPO
5 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Cloud infrastructure
DigitalOcean
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
2 sourced observations2020–2021 historical filing evidence
1 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Local commerce
DoorDash
Share classes and IPO transitions
2 sourced observationsJune–December 2020
1 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Cloud software
Dropbox
Private share prices and the IPO outcome
3 sourced observationsPrivate financing → 2018 IPO
2 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Language learning
Duolingo
How entry stage changes the IPO outcome
9 sourced observationsPrivate financing → 2021 IPO
8 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterEarly-stage assumptions
AI infrastructure · Grid flexibility software
Emerald AI
A $1.05B valuation for making AI power demand flexible.
5 sourced observationsFunding history + user-entered scenarios
Valuation, dilution & share scenariosExplore →
Optional prices you enterEarly-stage assumptions
AI infrastructure · Dispatchable solar
Exowatt
Can stored sunlight power AI after dark?
5 sourced observationsFunding history + user-entered scenarios
Valuation, dilution & share scenariosExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Customer service software
Freshworks
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
3 sourced observations2021–2021 historical filing evidence
2 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Developer tools
GitLab
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
3 sourced observations2021–2021 historical filing evidence
2 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Cloud infrastructure
HashiCorp
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
3 sourced observations2021–2021 historical filing evidence
2 IPO share modelsExplore →
Entered prices · historical dates onlyHistory only
Enterprise technology
IBM
IBM’s origins are a 1911 consolidation under the Computing-Tabulating-Recording name. A modern Series A–F framework does not describe this corporate history.
4 sourced milestonesPredecessor consolidation and historical listing
IPO share model
Grocery delivery
Instacart
How entry stage changes the IPO outcome
4 sourced observationsPrivate financing → 2023 IPO
3 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterHistory only
Semiconductors
Intel
Intel was founded in 1968 and completed an IPO in October 1971. Its early financing is historically important, but aggregate funding does not reveal a verified seed-share entry price.
3 sourced milestonesHistorical IPO
IPO share model
Transportation
Lyft
Private share prices and the IPO outcome
10 sourced observationsPrivate financing → 2019 IPO
9 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterHistory only
Homebuilding
M/I Homes
M/I Homes began homebuilding in 1976 and became a NYSE-listed public company in 1993. Its founder-led private history is different from a modern venture-backed startup.
4 sourced milestonesHistorical IPO
Sourced prices → your price
Payments
Mastercard
Mastercard’s member-bank ownership preceded its 2006 IPO. The public Class A offer gives a documented starting point without treating membership stakes as venture rounds.
3 sourced milestonesIPO
1 documented share scenariosExplore →
History only
Semiconductors
Micron Technology
Micron began as a small Boise semiconductor design company, built manufacturing capacity and entered the public market in 1984. The accessible primary history does not disclose a modern-style round-by-round cap table.
5 sourced milestonesHistorical IPO
IPO share model
Work management software
monday.com
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
2 sourced observations2020–2021 historical filing evidence
1 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Personal finance
NerdWallet
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
2 sourced observations2021–2021 historical filing evidence
1 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterSourced prices → your price
Energy
Oklo
Oklo used three preferred-share classes and SAFEs before merging with AltC. The filing discloses original issue prices and the conversion into listed common shares.
6 sourced milestonesSPAC merger
3 documented share scenariosExplore →
IPO share model
Identity security
Okta
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
4 sourced observations2017–2017 historical filing evidence
3 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterHistory only
Wireless & autonomous systems
Ondas
Ondas Networks became public through a reverse acquisition in 2018. Its later Nasdaq offering should not be mistaken for its first private funding round.
6 sourced milestonesReverse acquisition and Nasdaq uplisting
IPO share model
Operations software
PagerDuty
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
3 sourced observations2019–2019 historical filing evidence
2 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Connected fitness
Peloton
Private share prices and the IPO outcome
3 sourced observationsPrivate financing → 2019 IPO
2 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Visual discovery · historical IPO case
A late private round did not guarantee an IPO gain.
2 sourced observationsJune 2017–December 2019
1 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Online communities
Compare a late private round, the IPO, and a later price mark.
2 sourced observationsDecember 2023–December 2024
1 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Electric vehicles
Rivian
How entry stage changes the IPO outcome
7 sourced observationsPrivate financing → 2021 IPO
6 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Financial technology
Robinhood
Private share prices and the IPO outcome
5 sourced observationsPrivate financing → 2021 IPO
4 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Connected operations
Samsara
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
2 sourced observations2021–2021 historical filing evidence
1 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterHistory only
Space & geospatial
Satellogic
Satellogic’s financing includes venture funding, convertible securities, a SPAC transaction and a Liberty investment. Share-and-warrant packages cannot safely be treated as plain stock purchases.
7 sourced milestonesSPAC merger
IPO share model
Cybersecurity
SentinelOne
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
2 sourced observations2021–2021 historical filing evidence
1 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Cloud data
Snowflake
Trace nine preferred-share entries through a documented IPO.
10 sourced observations2020 private evidence–2021 public close
9 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Space, connectivity & AI
SpaceX
Follow preferred shares through splits and conversion
17 sourced observations14 preferred-series models · IPO or entered price
14 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterValuation illustration
Financial infrastructure
Stripe
Reported company values, not share returns
2 sourced observationsMarch 2021–March 2023 announcements
1 valuation comparisonExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Restaurants
Sweetgreen
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
3 sourced observations2021–2021 historical filing evidence
2 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Restaurant technology
Toast
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
3 sourced observations2021–2021 historical filing evidence
2 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Communications software
Twilio
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
4 sourced observations2016–2016 historical filing evidence
3 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Transportation
Uber
Private share prices and the IPO outcome
2 sourced observationsPrivate financing → 2019 IPO
1 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Online education
Udemy
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
3 sourced observations2021–2021 historical filing evidence
2 IPO share modelsExplore →
Entered prices · historical dates onlyIPO share model
Consumer lending technology
Upstart
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
2 sourced observations2020–2020 historical filing evidence
1 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterHistory only
Uniforms & workplace services
Vestis
Vestis became a separate listed company when Aramark distributed its uniform-services business to shareholders. This path has no conventional standalone IPO purchase price.
4 sourced milestonesSpin-off
Sourced prices → your price
Payments
Visa
Visa reorganized a member-owned payments network before its 2008 IPO. Public Class A shares are distinct from the pre-IPO membership interests and restricted share classes.
3 sourced milestonesIPO
1 documented share scenariosExplore →
Sourced prices → your price
Retail
Walmart
Walmart’s path was a family-founded retail business followed by its 1970 public offering. Its history does not follow a modern Series A–F venture financing ladder.
4 sourced milestonesIPO
1 documented share scenariosExplore →
IPO share model
Enterprise software
Workday
From private funding to an IPO offer-price mark
3 sourced observations2012–2012 historical filing evidence
2 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterEarly-stage assumptions
AI infrastructure · Optical interconnects
Xscape Photonics
The buildout’s data-traffic problem—and a bet on light.
5 sourced observationsFunding history + user-entered scenarios
Valuation, dilution & share scenariosExplore →
Optional prices you enterIPO share model
Video communications
Zoom
Private share prices and the IPO outcome
2 sourced observationsPrivate financing → 2019 IPO
1 IPO share modelsExplore →
Optional prices you enterFOLLOW THE NEXT CHAPTER
From private shares to public prices.
Explore Airbnb’s sourced IPO journey with selected historical closing-price comparisons.
Historical research. Sources you can inspect.
Selected historical observations, not a live valuation feed or current listing status. 64 of 76 profiles support sourced calculations. The collection uses filing-sourced issuance prices and IPO offering prices.
What does source-checked coverage mean?
We check each figure against the linked issuer announcement, filing, fund disclosure or identified news report. Dates, valuation basis and approximations stay visible. Source verification is not an independent audit, a current valuation or evidence of an investment you could have made. Some profiles contain a single milestone; all coverage is selective.
Only explicitly reviewed paths can be used in a calculation. Valuation comparisons and IPO share models have separate methods. A profile with two numbers is not automatically eligible.
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Historical research · Collection updated Oct 1, 2026. No investment access is offered. These are selected observations, not complete company histories.